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- Vibration Analysis of Centrifugal Fans
Vibration Analysis of Centrifugal Fans
A centrifugal fan creates a pressure differential by exchanging fan vane momentum with gas particles, and produces a gas flow. The fan impeller converts mechanical energy to kinetic, and this is later partly converted into static pressure. Fans are vulnerable to numerous vibration related problems, ranging from simple imbalance to complicated problems of resonance, bearing fatigue, and shaft alignment. When there are excessive vibration levels in fans, unplanned and forced outages may occur, leading to expensive maintenance and repairs. There are acceptable vibration levels for each speed at which the centrifugal fan is operated.
Causes of Abnormal Vibrations
Shaft Misalignment
The drive motor shaft and fan shaft need to be properly aligned during installation. Misalignment leads to excessive harmonic and axial vibration. Misalignment can also occur due to bent shafts or bearings not seated properly. Before starting the fan, laser or dial alignment tools can be used to check if the alignment is proper or not. Sometimes, the system may not be able to detect a bent shaft, leading to symptoms persisting.
Resonance
They are usually dual problems: critical speed mapping, structural resonance. If the new fan operates above the critical speed, you have to monitor the vibration levels. Excessive vibration while passing through critical speeds causes the seals, bearings, and related equipment to get damaged. If the fan operates at a structural resonance point without corrections, it can cause failure of parts. The resonance varies depending on operating speed and can be detected using various tools and techniques.
Mechanically Loose Connections
If the mechanical connection between foundations, bearing pedestals or caps is loose, it can create excessive vibration or intensify an existing imbalance.
Cracked Shafts or Rotors
Cracks in the shaft or rotor can cause devastating damage in centrifugal fans. With vibration analysis it can be detected early and corrected. Otherwise, the fan can fail and necessitate extensive repairs or replacement.
Rotor Mass Imbalance
This is one of the most common reasons for abnormal vibrations in centrifugal fans. It can be caused by:
- Manufacturing variations leading to uneven distribution of mass in the fan’s rotor
- Being exposed to high temperatures of air streams that cause uneven fan rotor growth
- Rapid particle collisions leading to fan rotor damage
- Workshop balancing procedure not performed correctly
Benefits of Vibrational Analysis of Centrifugal Fans
At Technomax, we use the latest tools and techniques to perform vibrational analysis of centrifugal fans. We can provide both proactive reactive maintenance with this service. Proactive means identifying issues so that they can be corrected before they become big. Reactive is performing the analysis to identify the reason for breakdown of machinery so that the right actions can be taken. Vibration analysis can be carried out to check for resonance, loose components, excess torque, loose bearings, cracks, imbalance, or misalignment. We can also perform continuous monitoring of these fans so that you can read the vibrations in real time and understand the status of your equipment.
In short vibration analysis helps you to:
- Detect potential problems before they become big and cause major problems
- Identify the cause of fan failure
- Avoids sudden breakdowns and emergency repairs
- Saves you money through planned maintenance
- Remote monitoring can be performed if the fans are placed in places difficult to access
- Isolate damaged parts
- Detects bearing defects
Centrifugal Fan Vibration Analysis Services we offer:
- Inspection of bearing house foundation bolts
- Evaluation of integral dynamic condition of the drive-fan group
- Verifying when the problem started by going through the operation and maintenance log
- Analysing the situation to establish the optimal remedial procedure
- Evaluation of collateral damage on various components
How it works
There are acceptable levels of vibration for the fan running at different speeds; these vibrations have a specific sound, and create a unique linear pattern in the spectrum. The pattern is disrupted when there is damage in the fan, and our technicians can identify the root cause – like imbalance, misalignment, bearing problems, etc. If they feel that urgent action has to be taken, they will make such a recommendation; otherwise, they may recommend that it can wait till the scheduled maintenance service.
We conduct vibration analysis on frequency spectrum and time waveform. Time domain analysis can help identify the type and severity of the vibration abnormality, and helps in evaluating the condition of the centrifugal fan.
Our technicians take measures on all the flat and rolling bearings in a safe manner, along with horizontal, axial, and vertical directions of the rotor supports.
Why Choose Technomax for Centrifugal Fan Vibration Analysis?
Over a decade, we have been able to build our own capabilities to cater to the different types of maintenance requirements across our various customer operations. Our team comprises of Cat IV & Cat III certified engineers in vibration analysis and related condition monitoring techniques with different domain exposure and expertize. In addition, we have also established strong partnerships with leading OEM’s that are specialized in providing predictive/preventive maintenance solutions/tools.
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